Bricks

Pre-reading

>>> 1. Perforated brick >>> 2. Solid brick >>> 3. Handmade brick >>> 4. Hollow brick: may be: >>>> 4.1 Simple hollow brick >>>> 4.2 Double hollow brick >>>> 4.3 Triple hollow brick >>> 5. Firebrick >>> Leveling >>>> ==String Reference ==
 * What are they made of? The bricks are made of clay. The clay is a sedimentary material.
 * What are they used for? Is used as construction material, It is mainly used for building walls and facades.
 * How many types of brick are there? According to their shape, the bricks are classified as:
 * What is the meaning of //brick laying techniques//? Bricklaying is a trade that specialises in building and repairing walls, floors, partitions,chimneys, as well as other structures with brick or concrete block.
 * Describe 2 brick laying techniques
 *  Bricks must always be leveled along the length of the brick, as well as across the brick. After the brick structure has reached 4 feet tall, it must be plumbed as well. Generally, bricks are laid out three or four at a time along each individual course or brick run and leveled with a 4-foot level. If the bricks are unlevel, then tapping the level with the handle of a mason's trowel will help set them level.
 * When laying a larger number of bricks at a faster pace, masons use a nylon string and line blocks. Two ends of the brick structure must be constructed first to have a surface onto which to hook the line blocks. The nylon string is attached to the two line blocks, one at each end of the wall, and stretched along the wall project. By placing the string at the top of each brick on each end of the wall, you can follow the string when laying along the wall, which will allow you to lay them straight and level.

>>> 1. Is Easy to transport >>> 2. Is Cheap >>> 3. Brick comes in a variety of colors and is durable >>> 4. Brick siding withstands heat and offers better fire protection than wood and vinyl siding. >>> 5. It also provides a sound barrier, keeping noise outside. >>> >>> __**Disadvantages:**__ >>> 1. Brick adds a lot of weight to the foundation. >>> 2. Absorbed heat, creating a hot environment inside the structure. >>> 3. Moisture build-up over time causes brick to crumble and become brittle. >>> 4.Organic brick subject to prolonged exposure to water will become discolored and fade over time. >>>
 * What are their advantages and disadvantages? **__Advantages:__**

Reading To build my own house I would use both materials, Stone and brick. I would use the stone for decoration. The bricks is for the building couse the stone is very expensive.
 * Write on your brick wiki page: "What construction material would you use to build your own house? Why? **

Post-reading

**Find out the meaning of the expressions below**

**1.** **Brick upon brick:** is about building on what already is constructed. **2. Brick & mortar**  Is about to two thing that not separate **3. Be /come up against a brick wall** Is about jump all the obstacles.

4. Come down on somebody like a ton of bricks Is about a person or event that is too heavy

**5. Drop a brick** Is about reduce heavy charge on your shoulders

Recoarding 1 //**Interview: What is your opinion about the uses given to this public space?** //

Do you know this place? Also, La Piazza was a marketplace established before the thirteenth century on a sloping site near the meeting point of the three hillside communities that coalesced to form Siena: the Castellare, the San Martino and the Camollia. Now, Andreina tell me about this square from the point of view of an architect. **How has brick been used in Piazza del Campo?** Thanks Andreina for this interview! Bye, see you on another presentation! media type="file" key="take 100.wav" width="300" height="50"
 * Javier:** Hi Andreina! How are you?.
 * Andreina:** Hi Javier! I`m very fine, and you?.
 * Javier:** I`m so good. And you Stephanie? How are you?
 * Stephanie****:** Hello! I`m fine
 * Javier:** You know? I was reading about “Piazza del campo” in Siena, and it`s so interesting because this place is the most important square of the historic center of Siena.
 * Andreina**: Yes, I went to this place last year.
 * Stephanie:** Yes! I haveheard ofthis place !
 * Javier**: and tell me Stephanie, what did you hear about this place?
 * Stephanie**: Piazza Del campo is one of Europe's greatest medieval squares. It is renowned worldwide for its beauty and architectural integrity.
 * Javier:** oh yes!
 * Andreina:** Well, it was paved in 1349 in fishbone-patterned red brick with ten lines of travertine, which divide the piazza into nine sections, radiating from the mouth of the gavinone in front of the Palazzo Pubblico.
 * Javier:**The number of divisions are held to be symbolic of the rule of The Nine (Noveschi) who laid out the campo and governed Siena at the height of its mediaeval splendour between 1292-1355.
 * Andreina:** in addition, the unity of the Late Gothic houses surrounding the square, is affected in part by the uniformity of the bricks of which their walls are built: brick-making was a monopoly of the commune, which saw that standards were maintained.
 * Javier:** Ohh this topic is so interesting and I think that is amazing.
 * Stephanie:** This place is very interesting! It Is an architectural gem! I really want to visit this place. Thank you very much!
 * Javier:** You’re welcome!
 * Stephanie**: ok, you’re welcome! Bye.
 * Javier**: Sure, bye!